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Concept Mapping

TABS (Complex) view - All 57 survey items with section-grouped panels, scale visualizations, citation tools, and cross-reference linking.

57 of 57 items
A1Categorical (Nominal)

What is your primary C-suite role (or equivalent senior leadership role in a government/public sector organization) within the organization? (Select one)

Section / Primary Construct
Section A: Demographics
Sub-Construct / Grouping
Role & Organization Demographics
Measurement Objective
Respondent's senior leadership position and functional area.
Item Code / Variable Name
A1 / Demo_Role
Variable Type
Categorical (Nominal)
Theoretical Grounding
N/A (Demographic)
APA Citation
N/A
RIS Citation
N/A
Source Link
N/A
Scale Type / Response Options
Categorical (11 options): CEO (e.g., Agency Director, Secretary, Administrator, City/County Manager); CFO (e.g., Director of Finance, Budget Director, Comptroller); CIO (e.g., Director of IT); CISO (e.g., Director of Cybersecurity, Chief Security Officer); COO (e.g., Deputy Director, Chief of Staff, Assistant Secretary for Administration); CMO (e.g., Director of Communications, Public Affairs Officer, Chief Marketing & Communications Officer); CTO (e.g., Director of Technology/Innovation, Chief Scientist); CSO (e.g., Director of Strategic Planning, Policy Director, Chief Strategy Officer); CHRO (e.g., Chief Human Capital Officer (CHCO), Director of Human Resources, Personnel Director); CRO (e.g., Director of Budget/Finance, Director of Development/Fundraising, Head of Revenue Operations); Other (please specify)
Qualtrics QID / Export Tag
QID205 / Q1_Role
Relationship to Other Items
-
Zotero Key(s)
N/A
Zotero Status
N/A
A1bCategorical (Ordinal)

How would you describe your level of involvement in strategic technology adoption decisions at your organization?

Section / Primary Construct
Section A: Demographics
Sub-Construct / Grouping
Role & Organization Demographics
Measurement Objective
Respondent's level of involvement in strategic technology adoption decisions.
Item Code / Variable Name
A1b / Demo_DecisionAuth
Variable Type
Categorical (Ordinal)
Theoretical Grounding
Rogers (2003) - Innovation-Decision Types (Optional, Collective, Authority)
APA Citation
Rogers, E. M. (2003). Diffusion of innovations (5th ed.). Free Press.
RIS Citation
TY - BOOK AU - Rogers, Everett M. TI - Diffusion of Innovations ET - 5th PY - 2003 PB - Free Press CY - New York, NY SN - 9780743222099 ER -
Source Link
🔗 https://books.google.com/books?id=9U1K5LjUOwEC
Scale Type / Response Options
Categorical (5 options): I am the primary decision-maker for technology adoption in my area of responsibility; I am one of several key decision-makers who collectively decide on technology adoption; I provide significant input and recommendations, but final decisions are made by others; I have limited involvement - I primarily implement technology decisions made by leadership; I have no direct involvement in technology adoption decisions
Qualtrics QID / Export Tag
QID237 / Q2_DecisionAuth
Relationship to Other Items
-
Zotero Key(s)
SFG4PZ2E
Zotero Status
ALL_FOUND
A2Categorical (Nominal)

What is the primary industry of your organization?

Section / Primary Construct
Section A: Demographics
Sub-Construct / Grouping
Role & Organization Demographics
Measurement Objective
Primary industry sector of the organization.
Item Code / Variable Name
A2 / Demo_Industry
Variable Type
Categorical (Nominal)
Theoretical Grounding
N/A (Demographic)
APA Citation
N/A
RIS Citation
N/A
Source Link
N/A
Scale Type / Response Options
Categorical (26 options): Federal Government/Defense; State Government; Local Government (City/County/Municipality); Public Education (K-12/Higher Ed); Non-Profit Organization (Non-Governmental); Public Healthcare; Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing and Hunting; Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction; Utilities; Construction; Manufacturing; Wholesale Trade; Retail Trade; Transportation and Warehousing; Information; Finance and Insurance; Real Estate and Rental and Leasing; Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services; Management of Companies and Enterprises; Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services; Educational Services (Private); Health Care and Social Assistance (Private); Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation; Accommodation and Food Services; Other Services (except Public Administration); Other (please specify)
Qualtrics QID / Export Tag
QID206 / Q3_Industry
Relationship to Other Items
-
Zotero Key(s)
N/A
Zotero Status
N/A
A3Categorical (Ordinal)

What is the approximate number of employees in your organization globally?

Section / Primary Construct
Section A: Demographics
Sub-Construct / Grouping
Role & Organization Demographics
Measurement Objective
Organization size by global employee count.
Item Code / Variable Name
A3 / Demo_OrgSize_Employees
Variable Type
Categorical (Ordinal)
Theoretical Grounding
N/A (Demographic)
APA Citation
N/A
RIS Citation
N/A
Source Link
N/A
Scale Type / Response Options
Categorical (6 options): <100; 100-499; 500-999; 1000-4999; 5000-9999; 10000+
Qualtrics QID / Export Tag
QID207 / Q4_OrgSize
Relationship to Other Items
-
Zotero Key(s)
N/A
Zotero Status
N/A
A4Categorical (Nominal)

What is your organization's primary profit model?

Section / Primary Construct
Section A: Demographics
Sub-Construct / Grouping
Role & Organization Demographics
Measurement Objective
For-Profit, Non-Profit, or Government/Public Sector classification.
Item Code / Variable Name
A4 / Demo_ProfitModel
Variable Type
Categorical (Nominal)
Theoretical Grounding
N/A (Demographic)
APA Citation
N/A
RIS Citation
N/A
Source Link
N/A
Scale Type / Response Options
Categorical (3 options): For-Profit; Non-Profit; Government/Public Sector
Qualtrics QID / Export Tag
QID208 / Q5_ProfitModel
Relationship to Other Items
-
Zotero Key(s)
N/A
Zotero Status
N/A
A5Categorical (Ordinal)

What was your organization's approximate annual revenue (or annual operating budget for government/public sector) in the last fiscal year?

Section / Primary Construct
Section A: Demographics
Sub-Construct / Grouping
Role & Organization Demographics
Measurement Objective
Annual revenue or operating budget range.
Item Code / Variable Name
A5 / Demo_AnnualRevenue_Budget
Variable Type
Categorical (Ordinal)
Theoretical Grounding
N/A (Demographic)
APA Citation
N/A
RIS Citation
N/A
Source Link
N/A
Scale Type / Response Options
Categorical (6 options): <$10M; $10M-$49M; $50M-$99M; $100M-$499M; $500M-$999M; $1B+
Qualtrics QID / Export Tag
QID209 / Q6_RevenueBudget
Relationship to Other Items
-
Zotero Key(s)
N/A
Zotero Status
N/A
A6Categorical (Ordinal)

What was your personal area of responsibilities approximate annual operating budget in the last fiscal year?

Section / Primary Construct
Section A: Demographics
Sub-Construct / Grouping
Role & Organization Demographics
Measurement Objective
Respondent's personal area operating budget range.
Item Code / Variable Name
A6 / Demo_PersonalBudget
Variable Type
Categorical (Ordinal)
Theoretical Grounding
N/A (Demographic)
APA Citation
N/A
RIS Citation
N/A
Source Link
N/A
Scale Type / Response Options
Categorical (6 options): <$10M; $10M-$49M; $50M-$99M; $100M-$499M; $500M-$999M; $1B+
Qualtrics QID / Export Tag
QID231 / Q7_PersonalBudget
Relationship to Other Items
-
Zotero Key(s)
N/A
Zotero Status
N/A
A7Categorical (Nominal)

What is your organization's primary geographic area of operations?

Section / Primary Construct
Section A: Demographics
Sub-Construct / Grouping
Role & Organization Demographics
Measurement Objective
Primary geographic area of operations (U.S. vs. International).
Item Code / Variable Name
A7 / Demo_GeoArea
Variable Type
Categorical (Nominal)
Theoretical Grounding
N/A (Demographic)
APA Citation
N/A
RIS Citation
N/A
Source Link
N/A
Scale Type / Response Options
Categorical (2 options): United States; International
Qualtrics QID / Export Tag
QID210 / Q8_GeoScope
Relationship to Other Items
-
Zotero Key(s)
N/A
Zotero Status
N/A
A8Categorical (Ordinal)

What is your organization's primary geographic scale of operations?

Section / Primary Construct
Section A: Demographics
Sub-Construct / Grouping
Role & Organization Demographics
Measurement Objective
Geographic scale of operations (Local to International).
Item Code / Variable Name
A8 / Demo_GeoScale
Variable Type
Categorical (Ordinal)
Theoretical Grounding
N/A (Demographic)
APA Citation
N/A
RIS Citation
N/A
Source Link
N/A
Scale Type / Response Options
Categorical (4 options): Local; Regional; National; International
Qualtrics QID / Export Tag
QID232 / Q9_GeoScale
Relationship to Other Items
-
Zotero Key(s)
N/A
Zotero Status
N/A
B1Ordinal (Likert-type)

Resistance to change among employees or middle management.

Section / Primary Construct
Section B: Perceived Technology Adoption Barriers
Sub-Construct / Grouping
Organizational & Cultural Resistance
Measurement Objective
Severity of employee/middle management resistance to adopting new technologies.
Item Code / Variable Name
B1 / Barrier_ResistChangeEmp
Variable Type
Ordinal (Likert-type)
Theoretical Grounding
Kotter (1995); Tornatzky & Fleischer (1990)
APA Citation
Kotter, J. P. (1995). Leading change: Why transformation efforts fail. Harvard Business Review, 73(2), 59-67. || Tornatzky, L. G., & Fleischer, M. (1990). The processes of technological innovation. Lexington Books.
RIS Citation
TY - JOUR AU - Kotter, John P. TI - Leading Change: Why Transformation Efforts Fail JO - Harvard Business Review PY - 1995 VL - 73 IS - 2 SP - 59 EP - 67 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Tornatzky, Louis G. AU - Fleischer, Mitchell TI - The Processes of Technological Innovation PY - 1990 PB - Lexington Books CY - Lexington, MA SN - 9780669203486 ER -
Source Link
🔗 https://hbr.org/1995/05/leading-change-why-transformation…
Scale Type / Response Options
5-point Barrier Severity: Not a Barrier; Minor Barrier; Moderate Barrier; Significant Barrier; Major Barrier + Don't Know
Qualtrics QID / Export Tag
QID213 / Q10-28_Barriers_1
Relationship to Other Items
maps to B1
Zotero Key(s)
N5XJGQ5M || S4WJF5AS
Zotero Status
ALL_FOUND
B2Ordinal (Likert-type)

Lack of support or clear vision from top leadership (including the board, e.g., governing body, oversight committee).

Section / Primary Construct
Section B: Perceived Technology Adoption Barriers
Sub-Construct / Grouping
Strategic & Operational Challenges
Measurement Objective
Severity of lack of top leadership support or clear technology vision.
Item Code / Variable Name
B2 / Barrier_LackLeadershipSupport
Variable Type
Ordinal (Likert-type)
Theoretical Grounding
Kotter (1995); Jeyaraj et al. (2006)
APA Citation
Kotter, J. P. (1995). Leading change: Why transformation efforts fail. Harvard Business Review, 73(2), 59-67. || Jeyaraj, A., Rottman, J. W., & Lacity, M. C. (2006). A review of the predictors, linkages, and biases in IT innovation adoption research. Journal of Information Technology, 21(1), 1-23.
RIS Citation
TY - JOUR AU - Kotter, John P. TI - Leading Change: Why Transformation Efforts Fail JO - Harvard Business Review PY - 1995 VL - 73 IS - 2 SP - 59 EP - 67 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Jeyaraj, Anand AU - Rottman, Joseph W. AU - Lacity, Mary C. TI - A Review of the Predictors, Linkages, and Biases in IT Innovation Adoption Research JO - Journal of Information Technology PY - 2006 VL - 21 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 23 DO - 10.1057/palgrave.jit.2000056 ER -
Source Link
🔗 https://hbr.org/1995/05/leading-change-why-transformation…🔗 https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jit.2000056
Scale Type / Response Options
5-point Barrier Severity: Not a Barrier; Minor Barrier; Moderate Barrier; Significant Barrier; Major Barrier + Don't Know
Qualtrics QID / Export Tag
QID213 / Q10-28_Barriers_2
Relationship to Other Items
maps to B2
Zotero Key(s)
N5XJGQ5M || 7T652WYK
Zotero Status
ALL_FOUND
B3Ordinal (Likert-type)

Organizational culture that discourages risk-taking or experimentation with new technologies.

Section / Primary Construct
Section B: Perceived Technology Adoption Barriers
Sub-Construct / Grouping
Organizational & Cultural Resistance
Measurement Objective
Severity of risk-averse organizational culture as a technology adoption barrier.
Item Code / Variable Name
B3 / Barrier_CultureRiskAverse
Variable Type
Ordinal (Likert-type)
Theoretical Grounding
Hofstede (1980); Cameron & Quinn (2006)
APA Citation
Hofstede, G. (1980). Culture's consequences: International differences in work-related values. Sage Publications. || Cameron, K. S., & Quinn, R. E. (2006). Diagnosing and changing organizational culture: Based on the competing values framework (Rev. ed.). Jossey-Bass.
RIS Citation
TY - BOOK AU - Hofstede, Geert TI - Culture's Consequences: International Differences in Work-Related Values PY - 1980 PB - Sage Publications CY - Beverly Hills, CA SN - 9780803913066 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Cameron, Kim S. AU - Quinn, Robert E. TI - Diagnosing and Changing Organizational Culture: Based on the Competing Values Framework ET - Revised PY - 2006 PB - Jossey-Bass CY - San Francisco, CA SN - 9780787982836 ER -
Source Link
N/A
Scale Type / Response Options
5-point Barrier Severity: Not a Barrier; Minor Barrier; Moderate Barrier; Significant Barrier; Major Barrier + Don't Know
Qualtrics QID / Export Tag
QID213 / Q10-28_Barriers_3
Relationship to Other Items
maps to B3
Zotero Key(s)
9J7FC4K9 || BTKZEQP5
Zotero Status
ALL_FOUND
B4Ordinal (Likert-type)

Insufficient skills or expertise within the workforce to utilize new technologies effectively.

Section / Primary Construct
Section B: Perceived Technology Adoption Barriers
Sub-Construct / Grouping
Resource & Skill Deficiencies
Measurement Objective
Severity of workforce skills/expertise gap for utilizing new technologies.
Item Code / Variable Name
B4 / Barrier_LackSkillsExpertise
Variable Type
Ordinal (Likert-type)
Theoretical Grounding
Davis (1989); Venkatesh et al. (2003)
APA Citation
Davis, F. D. (1989). Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information technology. MIS Quarterly, 13(3), 319-340. || Venkatesh, V., Morris, M. G., Davis, G. B., & Davis, F. D. (2003). User acceptance of information technology: Toward a unified view. MIS Quarterly, 27(3), 425-478.
RIS Citation
TY - JOUR AU - Davis, Fred D. TI - Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, and User Acceptance of Information Technology JO - MIS Quarterly PY - 1989 VL - 13 IS - 3 SP - 319 EP - 340 DO - 10.2307/249008 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Venkatesh, Viswanath AU - Morris, Michael G. AU - Davis, Gordon B. AU - Davis, Fred D. TI - User Acceptance of Information Technology: Toward a Unified View JO - MIS Quarterly PY - 2003 VL - 27 IS - 3 SP - 425 EP - 478 DO - 10.2307/30036540 ER -
Source Link
🔗 https://doi.org/10.2307/249008🔗 https://doi.org/10.2307/30036540
Scale Type / Response Options
5-point Barrier Severity: Not a Barrier; Minor Barrier; Moderate Barrier; Significant Barrier; Major Barrier + Don't Know
Qualtrics QID / Export Tag
QID213 / Q10-28_Barriers_4
Relationship to Other Items
maps to B4
Zotero Key(s)
Z26W8U6P || 5ZCW8CJ8
Zotero Status
ALL_FOUND
B5Ordinal (Likert-type)

Inadequate training programs for new technologies.

Section / Primary Construct
Section B: Perceived Technology Adoption Barriers
Sub-Construct / Grouping
Resource & Skill Deficiencies
Measurement Objective
Severity of inadequate technology training programs as a barrier.
Item Code / Variable Name
B5 / Barrier_InadequateTraining
Variable Type
Ordinal (Likert-type)
Theoretical Grounding
Rogers (2003); Venkatesh et al. (2003)
APA Citation
Rogers, E. M. (2003). Diffusion of innovations (5th ed.). Free Press. || Venkatesh, V., Morris, M. G., Davis, G. B., & Davis, F. D. (2003). User acceptance of information technology: Toward a unified view. MIS Quarterly, 27(3), 425-478.
RIS Citation
TY - BOOK AU - Rogers, Everett M. TI - Diffusion of Innovations ET - 5th PY - 2003 PB - Free Press CY - New York, NY SN - 9780743222099 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Venkatesh, Viswanath AU - Morris, Michael G. AU - Davis, Gordon B. AU - Davis, Fred D. TI - User Acceptance of Information Technology: Toward a Unified View JO - MIS Quarterly PY - 2003 VL - 27 IS - 3 SP - 425 EP - 478 DO - 10.2307/30036540 ER -
Source Link
🔗 https://books.google.com/books?id=9U1K5LjUOwEC🔗 https://doi.org/10.2307/30036540
Scale Type / Response Options
5-point Barrier Severity: Not a Barrier; Minor Barrier; Moderate Barrier; Significant Barrier; Major Barrier + Don't Know
Qualtrics QID / Export Tag
QID213 / Q10-28_Barriers_5
Relationship to Other Items
maps to B5
Zotero Key(s)
SFG4PZ2E || 5ZCW8CJ8
Zotero Status
ALL_FOUND
B6Ordinal (Likert-type)

High cost associated with acquiring or implementing new technologies.

Section / Primary Construct
Section B: Perceived Technology Adoption Barriers
Sub-Construct / Grouping
Resource & Skill Deficiencies
Measurement Objective
Severity of high costs associated with technology acquisition and implementation.
Item Code / Variable Name
B6 / Barrier_HighCost
Variable Type
Ordinal (Likert-type)
Theoretical Grounding
Tornatzky & Fleischer (1990); Zhu et al. (2006)
APA Citation
Tornatzky, L. G., & Fleischer, M. (1990). The processes of technological innovation. Lexington Books. || Zhu, K., Kraemer, K. L., & Xu, S. (2006). The process of innovation assimilation by firms in different countries: A technology diffusion perspective on e-business. Management Science, 52(10), 1557-1576.
RIS Citation
TY - BOOK AU - Tornatzky, Louis G. AU - Fleischer, Mitchell TI - The Processes of Technological Innovation PY - 1990 PB - Lexington Books CY - Lexington, MA SN - 9780669203486 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Zhu, Kevin AU - Kraemer, Kenneth L. AU - Xu, Sean TI - The Process of Innovation Assimilation by Firms in Different Countries: A Technology Diffusion Perspective on E-Business JO - Management Science PY - 2006 VL - 52 IS - 10 SP - 1557 EP - 1576 DO - 10.1287/mnsc.1050.0487 ER -
Source Link
🔗 https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.1050.0487
Scale Type / Response Options
5-point Barrier Severity: Not a Barrier; Minor Barrier; Moderate Barrier; Significant Barrier; Major Barrier + Don't Know
Qualtrics QID / Export Tag
QID213 / Q10-28_Barriers_6
Relationship to Other Items
maps to B6
Zotero Key(s)
S4WJF5AS || SBUZ86LT
Zotero Status
ALL_FOUND
B7Ordinal (Likert-type)

Difficulty integrating new technologies with existing legacy systems.

Section / Primary Construct
Section B: Perceived Technology Adoption Barriers
Sub-Construct / Grouping
Strategic & Operational Challenges
Measurement Objective
Severity of legacy system integration challenges.
Item Code / Variable Name
B7 / Barrier_IntegrationDiff
Variable Type
Ordinal (Likert-type)
Theoretical Grounding
Ross et al. (2006); Weill & Ross (2004)
APA Citation
Ross, J. W., Weill, P., & Robertson, D. C. (2014). Enterprise architecture as strategy: Creating a foundation for business execution. Harvard Business School Press. (Original work published 2006) || Weill, P., & Ross, J. W. (2004). IT governance: How top performers manage IT decision rights for superior results. Harvard Business School Press.
RIS Citation
TY - BOOK AU - Ross, Jeanne W. AU - Weill, Peter AU - Robertson, David C. TI - Enterprise Architecture as Strategy: Creating a Foundation for Business Execution PY - 2014 PB - Harvard Business School Press CY - Boston, MA SN - 9781591398394 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Weill, Peter AU - Ross, Jeanne W. TI - IT Governance: How Top Performers Manage IT Decision Rights for Superior Results PY - 2004 PB - Harvard Business School Press CY - Boston, MA SN - 9781591392538 ER -
Source Link
N/A
Scale Type / Response Options
5-point Barrier Severity: Not a Barrier; Minor Barrier; Moderate Barrier; Significant Barrier; Major Barrier + Don't Know
Qualtrics QID / Export Tag
QID213 / Q10-28_Barriers_7
Relationship to Other Items
maps to B7
Zotero Key(s)
8EZPCKWR || 839GTJ5I
Zotero Status
ALL_FOUND
B8Ordinal (Likert-type)

Inadequate IT infrastructure (e.g., network, storage, computing power) to support new technologies.

Section / Primary Construct
Section B: Perceived Technology Adoption Barriers
Sub-Construct / Grouping
Resource & Skill Deficiencies
Measurement Objective
Severity of inadequate IT infrastructure (network, storage, computing) as a barrier.
Item Code / Variable Name
B8 / Barrier_InadequateInfra
Variable Type
Ordinal (Likert-type)
Theoretical Grounding
Weill & Ross (2004); Zhu et al. (2006)
APA Citation
Weill, P., & Ross, J. W. (2004). IT governance: How top performers manage IT decision rights for superior results. Harvard Business School Press. || Zhu, K., Kraemer, K. L., & Xu, S. (2006). The process of innovation assimilation by firms in different countries: A technology diffusion perspective on e-business. Management Science, 52(10), 1557-1576.
RIS Citation
TY - BOOK AU - Weill, Peter AU - Ross, Jeanne W. TI - IT Governance: How Top Performers Manage IT Decision Rights for Superior Results PY - 2004 PB - Harvard Business School Press CY - Boston, MA SN - 9781591392538 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Zhu, Kevin AU - Kraemer, Kenneth L. AU - Xu, Sean TI - The Process of Innovation Assimilation by Firms in Different Countries: A Technology Diffusion Perspective on E-Business JO - Management Science PY - 2006 VL - 52 IS - 10 SP - 1557 EP - 1576 DO - 10.1287/mnsc.1050.0487 ER -
Source Link
🔗 https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.1050.0487
Scale Type / Response Options
5-point Barrier Severity: Not a Barrier; Minor Barrier; Moderate Barrier; Significant Barrier; Major Barrier + Don't Know
Qualtrics QID / Export Tag
QID213 / Q10-28_Barriers_8
Relationship to Other Items
maps to B8
Zotero Key(s)
839GTJ5I || SBUZ86LT
Zotero Status
ALL_FOUND
B9Ordinal (Likert-type)

Difficulty demonstrating clear value (e.g., mission impact, public value, cost-effectiveness) for new technology investments.

Section / Primary Construct
Section B: Perceived Technology Adoption Barriers
Sub-Construct / Grouping
Strategic & Operational Challenges
Measurement Objective
Severity of difficulty demonstrating clear value for technology investments.
Item Code / Variable Name
B9 / Barrier_ValueDemoDiff
Variable Type
Ordinal (Likert-type)
Theoretical Grounding
DeLone & McLean (2003); Brynjolfsson (1993)
APA Citation
DeLone, W. H., & McLean, E. R. (2003). The DeLone and McLean model of information systems success: A ten-year update. Journal of Management Information Systems, 19(4), 9-30. || Brynjolfsson, E. (1993). The productivity paradox of information technology. Communications of the ACM, 36(12), 66-77.
RIS Citation
TY - JOUR AU - DeLone, William H. AU - McLean, Ephraim R. TI - The DeLone and McLean Model of Information Systems Success: A Ten-Year Update JO - Journal of Management Information Systems PY - 2003 VL - 19 IS - 4 SP - 9 EP - 30 DO - 10.1080/07421222.2003.11045748 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Brynjolfsson, Erik TI - The Productivity Paradox of Information Technology JO - Communications of the ACM PY - 1993 VL - 36 IS - 12 SP - 66 EP - 77 DO - 10.1145/163298.163309 ER -
Source Link
🔗 https://doi.org/10.1080/07421222.2003.11045748🔗 https://doi.org/10.1145/163298.163309
Scale Type / Response Options
5-point Barrier Severity: Not a Barrier; Minor Barrier; Moderate Barrier; Significant Barrier; Major Barrier + Don't Know
Qualtrics QID / Export Tag
QID213 / Q10-28_Barriers_9
Relationship to Other Items
maps to B9
Zotero Key(s)
7JWQXUAK || P5DG6HVI
Zotero Status
ALL_FOUND
B10Ordinal (Likert-type)

Lack of a clear strategy or roadmap for technology adoption.

Section / Primary Construct
Section B: Perceived Technology Adoption Barriers
Sub-Construct / Grouping
Strategic & Operational Challenges
Measurement Objective
Severity of lacking a clear technology adoption strategy or roadmap.
Item Code / Variable Name
B10 / Barrier_LackStrategy
Variable Type
Ordinal (Likert-type)
Theoretical Grounding
Henderson & Venkatraman (1993); Ross et al. (2006)
APA Citation
Henderson, J. C., & Venkatraman, N. (1993). Strategic alignment: Leveraging information technology for transforming organizations. IBM Systems Journal, 32(1), 472-484. || Ross, J. W., Weill, P., & Robertson, D. C. (2014). Enterprise architecture as strategy: Creating a foundation for business execution. Harvard Business School Press. (Original work published 2006)
RIS Citation
TY - JOUR AU - Henderson, John C. AU - Venkatraman, N. TI - Strategic Alignment: Leveraging Information Technology for Transforming Organizations JO - IBM Systems Journal PY - 1993 VL - 32 IS - 1 SP - 472 EP - 484 DO - 10.1147/sj.382.0472 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Ross, Jeanne W. AU - Weill, Peter AU - Robertson, David C. TI - Enterprise Architecture as Strategy: Creating a Foundation for Business Execution PY - 2014 PB - Harvard Business School Press CY - Boston, MA SN - 9781591398394 ER -
Source Link
🔗 https://doi.org/10.1147/sj.382.0472
Scale Type / Response Options
5-point Barrier Severity: Not a Barrier; Minor Barrier; Moderate Barrier; Significant Barrier; Major Barrier + Don't Know
Qualtrics QID / Export Tag
QID213 / Q10-28_Barriers_10
Relationship to Other Items
maps to B10
Zotero Key(s)
KAFBN7F3 || 8EZPCKWR
Zotero Status
ALL_FOUND
B11Ordinal (Likert-type)

Insufficient governance processes for selecting and managing new technologies.

Section / Primary Construct
Section B: Perceived Technology Adoption Barriers
Sub-Construct / Grouping
Strategic & Operational Challenges
Measurement Objective
Severity of insufficient technology governance processes.
Item Code / Variable Name
B11 / Barrier_LackGovernance
Variable Type
Ordinal (Likert-type)
Theoretical Grounding
Weill & Ross (2004); COBIT (ISACA)
APA Citation
Weill, P., & Ross, J. W. (2004). IT governance: How top performers manage IT decision rights for superior results. Harvard Business School Press. || ISACA. (2019). COBIT 2019 framework: Governance and management objectives. ISACA.
RIS Citation
TY - BOOK AU - Weill, Peter AU - Ross, Jeanne W. TI - IT Governance: How Top Performers Manage IT Decision Rights for Superior Results PY - 2004 PB - Harvard Business School Press CY - Boston, MA SN - 9781591392538 ER - TY - BOOK AU - ISACA TI - COBIT 2019 Framework: Governance and Management Objectives PY - 2019 PB - ISACA CY - Schaumburg, IL SN - 9781604204124 ER -
Source Link
🔗 https://www.isaca.org/resources/cobit
Scale Type / Response Options
5-point Barrier Severity: Not a Barrier; Minor Barrier; Moderate Barrier; Significant Barrier; Major Barrier + Don't Know
Qualtrics QID / Export Tag
QID213 / Q10-28_Barriers_11
Relationship to Other Items
maps to B11
Zotero Key(s)
839GTJ5I || BVGI4MFY
Zotero Status
ALL_FOUND
B12Ordinal (Likert-type)

New technologies disrupting existing workflows or processes significantly.

Section / Primary Construct
Section B: Perceived Technology Adoption Barriers
Sub-Construct / Grouping
Strategic & Operational Challenges
Measurement Objective
Severity of workflow/process disruption from new technology adoption.
Item Code / Variable Name
B12 / Barrier_WorkflowDisrupt
Variable Type
Ordinal (Likert-type)
Theoretical Grounding
Davenport (1993); Hammer & Champy (1993)
APA Citation
Davenport, T. H. (1993). Process innovation: Reengineering work through information technology. Harvard Business School Press. || Hammer, M., & Champy, J. (1993). Reengineering the corporation: A manifesto for business revolution. HarperBusiness.
RIS Citation
TY - BOOK AU - Davenport, Thomas H. TI - Process Innovation: Reengineering Work Through Information Technology PY - 1993 PB - Harvard Business School Press CY - Boston, MA SN - 9780875843667 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Hammer, Michael AU - Champy, James TI - Reengineering the Corporation: A Manifesto for Business Revolution PY - 1993 PB - HarperBusiness CY - New York, NY SN - 9780887306877 ER -
Source Link
N/A
Scale Type / Response Options
5-point Barrier Severity: Not a Barrier; Minor Barrier; Moderate Barrier; Significant Barrier; Major Barrier + Don't Know
Qualtrics QID / Export Tag
QID213 / Q10-28_Barriers_12
Relationship to Other Items
maps to B12
Zotero Key(s)
UGGVVBJ5 || GJZXQXST
Zotero Status
ALL_FOUND
B13Ordinal (Likert-type)

Concerns about cybersecurity risks associated with new technologies.

Section / Primary Construct
Section B: Perceived Technology Adoption Barriers
Sub-Construct / Grouping
Risk, Trust, & External Factors
Measurement Objective
Severity of cybersecurity risk concerns as a technology adoption barrier.
Item Code / Variable Name
B13 / Barrier_CyberRisk
Variable Type
Ordinal (Likert-type)
Theoretical Grounding
NIST CSF; ISO 27001
APA Citation
National Institute of Standards and Technology. (2024). NIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) 2.0 (NIST CSWP 29). U.S. Department of Commerce. || International Organization for Standardization. (2022). Information security, cybersecurity and privacy protection - Information security management systems - Requirements (ISO/IEC 27001:2022).
RIS Citation
TY - RPRT AU - National Institute of Standards and Technology TI - NIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) 2.0 PY - 2024 PB - U.S. Department of Commerce UR - https://www.nist.gov/cyberframework ER - TY - STAND AU - International Organization for Standardization TI - Information Security, Cybersecurity and Privacy Protection - Information Security Management Systems - Requirements PY - 2022 PB - ISO UR - https://www.iso.org/standard/27001 ER -
Source Link
🔗 https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.CSWP.29🔗 https://www.iso.org/standard/27001
Scale Type / Response Options
5-point Barrier Severity: Not a Barrier; Minor Barrier; Moderate Barrier; Significant Barrier; Major Barrier + Don't Know
Qualtrics QID / Export Tag
QID213 / Q10-28_Barriers_13
Relationship to Other Items
maps to B13
Zotero Key(s)
XT4QU5GR || 7SERM7IL
Zotero Status
ALL_FOUND
B14Ordinal (Likert-type)

Concerns about data privacy compliance related to new technologies.

Section / Primary Construct
Section B: Perceived Technology Adoption Barriers
Sub-Construct / Grouping
Risk, Trust, & External Factors
Measurement Objective
Severity of data privacy compliance concerns as a technology adoption barrier.
Item Code / Variable Name
B14 / Barrier_PrivacyRisk
Variable Type
Ordinal (Likert-type)
Theoretical Grounding
GDPR frameworks; NIST Privacy Framework
APA Citation
European Parliament & Council of the European Union. (2016). Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of the European Parliament and of the Council (General Data Protection Regulation). Official Journal of the European Union, L 119, 1-88. || National Institute of Standards and Technology. (2020). NIST Privacy Framework: A tool for improving privacy through enterprise risk management (Version 1.0). U.S. Department of Commerce.
RIS Citation
TY - LEGAL AU - European Parliament AU - Council of the European Union TI - Regulation (EU) 2016/679 (General Data Protection Regulation) PY - 2016 UR - https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2016/679/oj ER - TY - RPRT AU - National Institute of Standards and Technology TI - NIST Privacy Framework: A Tool for Improving Privacy Through Enterprise Risk Management PY - 2020 PB - U.S. Department of Commerce UR - https://www.nist.gov/privacy-framework ER -
Source Link
🔗 https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2016/679/oj🔗 https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.CSWP.01162020
Scale Type / Response Options
5-point Barrier Severity: Not a Barrier; Minor Barrier; Moderate Barrier; Significant Barrier; Major Barrier + Don't Know
Qualtrics QID / Export Tag
QID213 / Q10-28_Barriers_14
Relationship to Other Items
maps to B14
Zotero Key(s)
SLSH2A32 || YR4UAAL5
Zotero Status
ALL_FOUND
B15Ordinal (Likert-type)

Lack of trust in the reliability or performance of new technologies or vendors.

Section / Primary Construct
Section B: Perceived Technology Adoption Barriers
Sub-Construct / Grouping
Risk, Trust, & External Factors
Measurement Objective
Severity of lack of trust in technology/vendor reliability.
Item Code / Variable Name
B15 / Barrier_LackTrustTechVendor
Variable Type
Ordinal (Likert-type)
Theoretical Grounding
Mayer et al. (1995); Gefen et al. (2003)
APA Citation
Mayer, R. C., Davis, J. H., & Schoorman, F. D. (1995). An integrative model of organizational trust. Academy of Management Review, 20(3), 709-734. || Gefen, D., Karahanna, E., & Straub, D. W. (2003). Trust and TAM in online shopping: An integrated model. MIS Quarterly, 27(1), 51-90.
RIS Citation
TY - JOUR AU - Mayer, Roger C. AU - Davis, James H. AU - Schoorman, F. David TI - An Integrative Model of Organizational Trust JO - Academy of Management Review PY - 1995 VL - 20 IS - 3 SP - 709 EP - 734 DO - 10.5465/amr.1995.9508080335 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Gefen, David AU - Karahanna, Elena AU - Straub, Detmar W. TI - Trust and TAM in Online Shopping: An Integrated Model JO - MIS Quarterly PY - 2003 VL - 27 IS - 1 SP - 51 EP - 90 DO - 10.2307/30036519 ER -
Source Link
🔗 https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1995.9508080335🔗 https://doi.org/10.2307/30036519
Scale Type / Response Options
5-point Barrier Severity: Not a Barrier; Minor Barrier; Moderate Barrier; Significant Barrier; Major Barrier + Don't Know
Qualtrics QID / Export Tag
QID213 / Q10-28_Barriers_15
Relationship to Other Items
maps to B15
Zotero Key(s)
KJGC333N || 5I97T3DZ
Zotero Status
ALL_FOUND
B16Ordinal (Likert-type)

Uncertainty or complexity related to regulatory requirements.

Section / Primary Construct
Section B: Perceived Technology Adoption Barriers
Sub-Construct / Grouping
Risk, Trust, & External Factors
Measurement Objective
Severity of regulatory uncertainty or complexity as a barrier.
Item Code / Variable Name
B16 / Barrier_RegulatoryUncertain
Variable Type
Ordinal (Likert-type)
Theoretical Grounding
North (1990); Blind (2012)
APA Citation
North, D. C. (1990). Institutions, institutional change and economic performance. Cambridge University Press. || Blind, K. (2012). The influence of regulations on innovation: A quantitative assessment for OECD countries. Research Policy, 41(2), 391-400.
RIS Citation
TY - BOOK AU - North, Douglass C. TI - Institutions, Institutional Change and Economic Performance PY - 1990 PB - Cambridge University Press CY - Cambridge, UK SN - 9780521397346 DO - 10.1017/CBO9780511808678 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Blind, Knut TI - The Influence of Regulations on Innovation: A Quantitative Assessment for OECD Countries JO - Research Policy PY - 2012 VL - 41 IS - 2 SP - 391 EP - 400 DO - 10.1016/j.respol.2011.09.003 ER -
Source Link
🔗 https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511808678🔗 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2011.09.003
Scale Type / Response Options
5-point Barrier Severity: Not a Barrier; Minor Barrier; Moderate Barrier; Significant Barrier; Major Barrier + Don't Know
Qualtrics QID / Export Tag
QID213 / Q10-28_Barriers_16
Relationship to Other Items
maps to B16
Zotero Key(s)
DES5F7PP
Zotero Status
PARTIAL
B17Ordinal (Likert-type)

Pressure to adopt technology due to external factors (e.g., mandates, public expectations, peer agency actions), without adequate internal readiness.

Section / Primary Construct
Section B: Perceived Technology Adoption Barriers
Sub-Construct / Grouping
Risk, Trust, & External Factors
Measurement Objective
Severity of external pressures to adopt technology without adequate readiness.
Item Code / Variable Name
B17 / Barrier_ExternalPressure
Variable Type
Ordinal (Likert-type)
Theoretical Grounding
DiMaggio & Powell (1983); Scott (2001)
APA Citation
DiMaggio, P. J., & Powell, W. W. (1983). The iron cage revisited: Institutional isomorphism and collective rationality in organizational fields. American Sociological Review, 48(2), 147-160. || Scott, W. R. (2014). Institutions and organizations: Ideas, interests, and identities (4th ed.). Sage Publications.
RIS Citation
TY - JOUR AU - DiMaggio, Paul J. AU - Powell, Walter W. TI - The Iron Cage Revisited: Institutional Isomorphism and Collective Rationality in Organizational Fields JO - American Sociological Review PY - 1983 VL - 48 IS - 2 SP - 147 EP - 160 DO - 10.2307/2095101 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Scott, W. Richard TI - Institutions and Organizations: Ideas, Interests, and Identities ET - 4th PY - 2014 PB - Sage Publications CY - Thousand Oaks, CA SN - 9781452242224 ER -
Source Link
🔗 https://doi.org/10.2307/2095101
Scale Type / Response Options
5-point Barrier Severity: Not a Barrier; Minor Barrier; Moderate Barrier; Significant Barrier; Major Barrier + Don't Know
Qualtrics QID / Export Tag
QID213 / Q10-28_Barriers_17
Relationship to Other Items
maps to B17
Zotero Key(s)
2IR49E3Y || BP4P69R7
Zotero Status
ALL_FOUND
B18Ordinal (Likert-type)

Difficulty finding reliable technology vendors or partners.

Section / Primary Construct
Section B: Perceived Technology Adoption Barriers
Sub-Construct / Grouping
Risk, Trust, & External Factors
Measurement Objective
Severity of difficulty finding reliable technology vendors or partners.
Item Code / Variable Name
B18 / Barrier_VendorDiff
Variable Type
Ordinal (Likert-type)
Theoretical Grounding
Lacity & Willcocks (2012)
APA Citation
Lacity, M. C., & Willcocks, L. P. (2012). Advanced outsourcing practice: Rethinking ITO, BPO, and cloud services. Palgrave Macmillan.
RIS Citation
TY - BOOK AU - Lacity, Mary C. AU - Willcocks, Leslie P. TI - Advanced Outsourcing Practice: Rethinking ITO, BPO, and Cloud Services PY - 2012 PB - Palgrave Macmillan CY - London, UK SN - 9781137005571 ER -
Source Link
🔗 https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137005588
Scale Type / Response Options
5-point Barrier Severity: Not a Barrier; Minor Barrier; Moderate Barrier; Significant Barrier; Major Barrier + Don't Know
Qualtrics QID / Export Tag
QID213 / Q10-28_Barriers_18
Relationship to Other Items
maps to B18
Zotero Key(s)
J62G5G5I
Zotero Status
ALL_FOUND
B_Top3Categorical (Nominal - multi-select)

Of all the barriers listed above, which THREE are the most significant barriers your organization currently faces? (Select exactly 3)

Section / Primary Construct
Section B: Perceived Technology Adoption Barriers
Sub-Construct / Grouping
Top 3 Barrier Selection
Measurement Objective
Identify top 3 most significant barriers via forced-choice selection from all 18 barrier items.
Item Code / Variable Name
B_Top3 / Barrier_Top3Select
Variable Type
Categorical (Nominal - multi-select)
Theoretical Grounding
Integrated TABS Framework (Moyer, 2025)
APA Citation
Moyer, C. (2025). Technology Adoption Barriers Survey (TABS): An integrated framework for measuring barriers, readiness, and maturity. Pennsylvania State University.
RIS Citation
TY - UNPB AU - Moyer, Clarke TI - Technology Adoption Barriers Survey (TABS): An Integrated Framework for Measuring Barriers, Readiness, and Maturity PY - 2025 PB - Pennsylvania State University UR - https://technologyadoptionbarriers.org ER -
Source Link
🔗 https://technologyadoptionbarriers.org
Scale Type / Response Options
Select exactly 3 of 18 barrier items (randomized presentation order)
Qualtrics QID / Export Tag
QID238 / Q29-46_Top3Barriers
Relationship to Other Items
Follows barrier severity rating (QID213); replaces removed Q9/Q10 rank-order questions
Zotero Key(s)
N/A
Zotero Status
NOT_IN_ZOTERO
B_ACOrdinal (Likert-type)⚠ Attention Check

The degree to which internal communication gaps slow adoption efforts (select Major Barrier for this item).

Expected answer: Major Barrier
Section / Primary Construct
Section B: Attention Check
Sub-Construct / Grouping
Data Quality Control
Measurement Objective
Attention/validity check embedded in barrier severity matrix (instructed-response item).
Item Code / Variable Name
B_AC / Barrier_AttentionCheck
Variable Type
Ordinal (Likert-type)
Theoretical Grounding
Survey methodology best practice (IRI)
APA Citation
N/A
RIS Citation
N/A
Source Link
N/A
Scale Type / Response Options
Major Barrier
Qualtrics QID / Export Tag
QID213 / Q10-28_Barriers_19
Relationship to Other Items
Attention check item; expected response: Major Barrier (instructed-response item)
Zotero Key(s)
N/A
Zotero Status
N/A
C1Ordinal (Likert-type)

Clarity and communication of the leadership's vision for technology adoption and digital transformation.

Section / Primary Construct
Section C: Perceived Organizational Technology Readiness
Sub-Construct / Grouping
Strategic Leadership & Governance
Measurement Objective
Readiness: clarity/communication of leadership's technology vision.
Item Code / Variable Name
C1 / Ready_LeaderVisionClarity
Variable Type
Ordinal (Likert-type)
Theoretical Grounding
Kotter (1995); Jeyaraj et al. (2006)
APA Citation
Kotter, J. P. (1995). Leading change: Why transformation efforts fail. Harvard Business Review, 73(2), 59-67. || Jeyaraj, A., Rottman, J. W., & Lacity, M. C. (2006). A review of the predictors, linkages, and biases in IT innovation adoption research. Journal of Information Technology, 21(1), 1-23.
RIS Citation
TY - JOUR AU - Kotter, John P. TI - Leading Change: Why Transformation Efforts Fail JO - Harvard Business Review PY - 1995 VL - 73 IS - 2 SP - 59 EP - 67 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Jeyaraj, Anand AU - Rottman, Joseph W. AU - Lacity, Mary C. TI - A Review of the Predictors, Linkages, and Biases in IT Innovation Adoption Research JO - Journal of Information Technology PY - 2006 VL - 21 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 23 DO - 10.1057/palgrave.jit.2000056 ER -
Source Link
🔗 https://hbr.org/1995/05/leading-change-why-transformation…🔗 https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jit.2000056
Scale Type / Response Options
5-point Readiness/Capability: Very Low Readiness/Capability; Low Readiness/Capability; Moderate Readiness/Capability; High Readiness/Capability; Very High Readiness/Capability + Don't Know
Qualtrics QID / Export Tag
QID217 / Q47-64_Readiness_1
Relationship to Other Items
-
Zotero Key(s)
N5XJGQ5M || 7T652WYK
Zotero Status
ALL_FOUND
C2Ordinal (Likert-type)

Alignment of technology strategy with overall organizational goals and mission objectives.

Section / Primary Construct
Section C: Perceived Organizational Technology Readiness
Sub-Construct / Grouping
Strategic Leadership & Governance
Measurement Objective
Readiness: alignment of technology strategy with organizational goals.
Item Code / Variable Name
C2 / Ready_StratAlign
Variable Type
Ordinal (Likert-type)
Theoretical Grounding
Henderson & Venkatraman (1993)
APA Citation
Henderson, J. C., & Venkatraman, N. (1993). Strategic alignment: Leveraging information technology for transforming organizations. IBM Systems Journal, 32(1), 472-484.
RIS Citation
TY - JOUR AU - Henderson, John C. AU - Venkatraman, N. TI - Strategic Alignment: Leveraging Information Technology for Transforming Organizations JO - IBM Systems Journal PY - 1993 VL - 32 IS - 1 SP - 472 EP - 484 DO - 10.1147/sj.382.0472 ER -
Source Link
🔗 https://doi.org/10.1147/sj.382.0472
Scale Type / Response Options
5-point Readiness/Capability: Very Low Readiness/Capability; Low Readiness/Capability; Moderate Readiness/Capability; High Readiness/Capability; Very High Readiness/Capability + Don't Know
Qualtrics QID / Export Tag
QID217 / Q47-64_Readiness_2
Relationship to Other Items
-
Zotero Key(s)
KAFBN7F3
Zotero Status
ALL_FOUND
C3Ordinal (Likert-type)

Effectiveness of IT governance structures in guiding technology decisions and investments.

Section / Primary Construct
Section C: Perceived Organizational Technology Readiness
Sub-Construct / Grouping
Strategic Leadership & Governance
Measurement Objective
Readiness: effectiveness of IT governance structures.
Item Code / Variable Name
C3 / Ready_ITGovEffective
Variable Type
Ordinal (Likert-type)
Theoretical Grounding
Weill & Ross (2004); COBIT (ISACA)
APA Citation
Weill, P., & Ross, J. W. (2004). IT governance: How top performers manage IT decision rights for superior results. Harvard Business School Press. || ISACA. (2019). COBIT 2019 framework: Governance and management objectives. ISACA.
RIS Citation
TY - BOOK AU - Weill, Peter AU - Ross, Jeanne W. TI - IT Governance: How Top Performers Manage IT Decision Rights for Superior Results PY - 2004 PB - Harvard Business School Press CY - Boston, MA SN - 9781591392538 ER - TY - BOOK AU - ISACA TI - COBIT 2019 Framework: Governance and Management Objectives PY - 2019 PB - ISACA CY - Schaumburg, IL SN - 9781604204124 ER -
Source Link
🔗 https://www.isaca.org/resources/cobit
Scale Type / Response Options
5-point Readiness/Capability: Very Low Readiness/Capability; Low Readiness/Capability; Moderate Readiness/Capability; High Readiness/Capability; Very High Readiness/Capability + Don't Know
Qualtrics QID / Export Tag
QID217 / Q47-64_Readiness_3
Relationship to Other Items
-
Zotero Key(s)
839GTJ5I || BVGI4MFY
Zotero Status
ALL_FOUND
C4Ordinal (Likert-type)

Openness of the organizational culture to embracing change and new ways of working.

Section / Primary Construct
Section C: Perceived Organizational Technology Readiness
Sub-Construct / Grouping
Culture & Change Readiness
Measurement Objective
Readiness: openness of organizational culture to change.
Item Code / Variable Name
C4 / Ready_CultureOpenness
Variable Type
Ordinal (Likert-type)
Theoretical Grounding
Hofstede (1980); Cameron & Quinn (2006)
APA Citation
Hofstede, G. (1980). Culture's consequences: International differences in work-related values. Sage Publications. || Cameron, K. S., & Quinn, R. E. (2006). Diagnosing and changing organizational culture: Based on the competing values framework (Rev. ed.). Jossey-Bass.
RIS Citation
TY - BOOK AU - Hofstede, Geert TI - Culture's Consequences: International Differences in Work-Related Values PY - 1980 PB - Sage Publications CY - Beverly Hills, CA SN - 9780803913066 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Cameron, Kim S. AU - Quinn, Robert E. TI - Diagnosing and Changing Organizational Culture: Based on the Competing Values Framework ET - Revised PY - 2006 PB - Jossey-Bass CY - San Francisco, CA SN - 9780787982836 ER -
Source Link
N/A
Scale Type / Response Options
5-point Readiness/Capability: Very Low Readiness/Capability; Low Readiness/Capability; Moderate Readiness/Capability; High Readiness/Capability; Very High Readiness/Capability + Don't Know
Qualtrics QID / Export Tag
QID217 / Q47-64_Readiness_4
Relationship to Other Items
-
Zotero Key(s)
9J7FC4K9 || BTKZEQP5
Zotero Status
ALL_FOUND
C5Ordinal (Likert-type)

Extent to which innovation and experimentation with technology are encouraged and supported.

Section / Primary Construct
Section C: Perceived Organizational Technology Readiness
Sub-Construct / Grouping
Culture & Change Readiness
Measurement Objective
Readiness: extent innovation/experimentation is encouraged.
Item Code / Variable Name
C5 / Ready_InnovationSupport
Variable Type
Ordinal (Likert-type)
Theoretical Grounding
Christensen (1997); O'Reilly & Tushman (2004)
APA Citation
Christensen, C. M. (1997). The innovator's dilemma: When new technologies cause great firms to fail. Harvard Business School Press. || O'Reilly, C. A., III, & Tushman, M. L. (2004). The ambidextrous organization. Harvard Business Review, 82(4), 74-81.
RIS Citation
TY - BOOK AU - Christensen, Clayton M. TI - The Innovator's Dilemma: When New Technologies Cause Great Firms to Fail PY - 1997 PB - Harvard Business School Press CY - Boston, MA SN - 9780875845852 ER - TY - JOUR AU - O'Reilly, Charles A., III AU - Tushman, Michael L. TI - The Ambidextrous Organization JO - Harvard Business Review PY - 2004 VL - 82 IS - 4 SP - 74 EP - 81 ER -
Source Link
🔗 https://hbr.org/2004/04/the-ambidextrous-organization
Scale Type / Response Options
5-point Readiness/Capability: Very Low Readiness/Capability; Low Readiness/Capability; Moderate Readiness/Capability; High Readiness/Capability; Very High Readiness/Capability + Don't Know
Qualtrics QID / Export Tag
QID217 / Q47-64_Readiness_5
Relationship to Other Items
-
Zotero Key(s)
BREH66GM || 8S4VDK6X
Zotero Status
ALL_FOUND
C6Ordinal (Likert-type)

Availability of personnel with the necessary technical skills to implement and manage new technologies.

Section / Primary Construct
Section C: Perceived Organizational Technology Readiness
Sub-Construct / Grouping
Workforce & Skills Readiness
Measurement Objective
Readiness: availability of technically skilled personnel.
Item Code / Variable Name
C6 / Ready_TechSkillsAvail
Variable Type
Ordinal (Likert-type)
Theoretical Grounding
Davis (1989); Venkatesh et al. (2003)
APA Citation
Davis, F. D. (1989). Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information technology. MIS Quarterly, 13(3), 319-340. || Venkatesh, V., Morris, M. G., Davis, G. B., & Davis, F. D. (2003). User acceptance of information technology: Toward a unified view. MIS Quarterly, 27(3), 425-478.
RIS Citation
TY - JOUR AU - Davis, Fred D. TI - Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, and User Acceptance of Information Technology JO - MIS Quarterly PY - 1989 VL - 13 IS - 3 SP - 319 EP - 340 DO - 10.2307/249008 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Venkatesh, Viswanath AU - Morris, Michael G. AU - Davis, Gordon B. AU - Davis, Fred D. TI - User Acceptance of Information Technology: Toward a Unified View JO - MIS Quarterly PY - 2003 VL - 27 IS - 3 SP - 425 EP - 478 DO - 10.2307/30036540 ER -
Source Link
🔗 https://doi.org/10.2307/249008🔗 https://doi.org/10.2307/30036540
Scale Type / Response Options
5-point Readiness/Capability: Very Low Readiness/Capability; Low Readiness/Capability; Moderate Readiness/Capability; High Readiness/Capability; Very High Readiness/Capability + Don't Know
Qualtrics QID / Export Tag
QID217 / Q47-64_Readiness_6
Relationship to Other Items
-
Zotero Key(s)
Z26W8U6P || 5ZCW8CJ8
Zotero Status
ALL_FOUND
C7Ordinal (Likert-type)

Effectiveness of training programs in preparing employees for new technologies.

Section / Primary Construct
Section C: Perceived Organizational Technology Readiness
Sub-Construct / Grouping
Workforce & Skills Readiness
Measurement Objective
Readiness: effectiveness of technology training programs.
Item Code / Variable Name
C7 / Ready_TrainingEffective
Variable Type
Ordinal (Likert-type)
Theoretical Grounding
Rogers (2003); Venkatesh et al. (2003)
APA Citation
Rogers, E. M. (2003). Diffusion of innovations (5th ed.). Free Press. || Venkatesh, V., Morris, M. G., Davis, G. B., & Davis, F. D. (2003). User acceptance of information technology: Toward a unified view. MIS Quarterly, 27(3), 425-478.
RIS Citation
TY - BOOK AU - Rogers, Everett M. TI - Diffusion of Innovations ET - 5th PY - 2003 PB - Free Press CY - New York, NY SN - 9780743222099 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Venkatesh, Viswanath AU - Morris, Michael G. AU - Davis, Gordon B. AU - Davis, Fred D. TI - User Acceptance of Information Technology: Toward a Unified View JO - MIS Quarterly PY - 2003 VL - 27 IS - 3 SP - 425 EP - 478 DO - 10.2307/30036540 ER -
Source Link
🔗 https://books.google.com/books?id=9U1K5LjUOwEC🔗 https://doi.org/10.2307/30036540
Scale Type / Response Options
5-point Readiness/Capability: Very Low Readiness/Capability; Low Readiness/Capability; Moderate Readiness/Capability; High Readiness/Capability; Very High Readiness/Capability + Don't Know
Qualtrics QID / Export Tag
QID217 / Q47-64_Readiness_7
Relationship to Other Items
-
Zotero Key(s)
SFG4PZ2E || 5ZCW8CJ8
Zotero Status
ALL_FOUND
C8Ordinal (Likert-type)

Maturity of change management processes to support technology transitions.

Section / Primary Construct
Section C: Perceived Organizational Technology Readiness
Sub-Construct / Grouping
Culture & Change Readiness
Measurement Objective
Readiness: maturity of change management processes.
Item Code / Variable Name
C8 / Ready_ChangeMgtMaturity
Variable Type
Ordinal (Likert-type)
Theoretical Grounding
Kotter (1995); Prosci ADKAR
APA Citation
Kotter, J. P. (1995). Leading change: Why transformation efforts fail. Harvard Business Review, 73(2), 59-67. || Hiatt, J. M. (2006). ADKAR: A model for change in business, government and our community. Prosci Learning Center Publications.
RIS Citation
TY - JOUR AU - Kotter, John P. TI - Leading Change: Why Transformation Efforts Fail JO - Harvard Business Review PY - 1995 VL - 73 IS - 2 SP - 59 EP - 67 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Hiatt, Jeff M. TI - ADKAR: A Model for Change in Business, Government and Our Community PY - 2006 PB - Prosci Learning Center Publications CY - Loveland, CO SN - 9781930885509 ER -
Source Link
🔗 https://hbr.org/1995/05/leading-change-why-transformation…🔗 https://www.prosci.com/methodology/adkar
Scale Type / Response Options
5-point Readiness/Capability: Very Low Readiness/Capability; Low Readiness/Capability; Moderate Readiness/Capability; High Readiness/Capability; Very High Readiness/Capability + Don't Know
Qualtrics QID / Export Tag
QID217 / Q47-64_Readiness_8
Relationship to Other Items
-
Zotero Key(s)
N5XJGQ5M || AASLA5Y9
Zotero Status
ALL_FOUND
C9Ordinal (Likert-type)

Adequacy and scalability of the current IT infrastructure (network, cloud, hardware).

Section / Primary Construct
Section C: Perceived Organizational Technology Readiness
Sub-Construct / Grouping
Infrastructure & Technology Readiness
Measurement Objective
Readiness: adequacy/scalability of IT infrastructure.
Item Code / Variable Name
C9 / Ready_InfraAdequacy
Variable Type
Ordinal (Likert-type)
Theoretical Grounding
Weill & Ross (2004); Zhu et al. (2006)
APA Citation
Weill, P., & Ross, J. W. (2004). IT governance: How top performers manage IT decision rights for superior results. Harvard Business School Press. || Zhu, K., Kraemer, K. L., & Xu, S. (2006). The process of innovation assimilation by firms in different countries: A technology diffusion perspective on e-business. Management Science, 52(10), 1557-1576.
RIS Citation
TY - BOOK AU - Weill, Peter AU - Ross, Jeanne W. TI - IT Governance: How Top Performers Manage IT Decision Rights for Superior Results PY - 2004 PB - Harvard Business School Press CY - Boston, MA SN - 9781591392538 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Zhu, Kevin AU - Kraemer, Kenneth L. AU - Xu, Sean TI - The Process of Innovation Assimilation by Firms in Different Countries: A Technology Diffusion Perspective on E-Business JO - Management Science PY - 2006 VL - 52 IS - 10 SP - 1557 EP - 1576 DO - 10.1287/mnsc.1050.0487 ER -
Source Link
🔗 https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.1050.0487
Scale Type / Response Options
5-point Readiness/Capability: Very Low Readiness/Capability; Low Readiness/Capability; Moderate Readiness/Capability; High Readiness/Capability; Very High Readiness/Capability + Don't Know
Qualtrics QID / Export Tag
QID217 / Q47-64_Readiness_9
Relationship to Other Items
-
Zotero Key(s)
839GTJ5I || SBUZ86LT
Zotero Status
ALL_FOUND
C10Ordinal (Likert-type)

Compatibility and interoperability between new technologies and existing systems.

Section / Primary Construct
Section C: Perceived Organizational Technology Readiness
Sub-Construct / Grouping
Infrastructure & Technology Readiness
Measurement Objective
Readiness: compatibility between new and existing systems.
Item Code / Variable Name
C10 / Ready_SystemCompat
Variable Type
Ordinal (Likert-type)
Theoretical Grounding
Ross et al. (2006); IEEE interoperability standards
APA Citation
Ross, J. W., Weill, P., & Robertson, D. C. (2014). Enterprise architecture as strategy: Creating a foundation for business execution. Harvard Business School Press. (Original work published 2006) || Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. (2011). IEEE standard for smart grid interoperability of energy technology and information technology operation with the electric power system (EPS), end-use applications, and loads (IEEE Std 2030-2011). IEEE.
RIS Citation
TY - BOOK AU - Ross, Jeanne W. AU - Weill, Peter AU - Robertson, David C. TI - Enterprise Architecture as Strategy: Creating a Foundation for Business Execution PY - 2014 PB - Harvard Business School Press CY - Boston, MA SN - 9781591398394 ER - TY - STAND AU - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers TI - IEEE Standard for Smart Grid Interoperability PY - 2011 PB - IEEE UR - https://standards.ieee.org/ ER -
Source Link
🔗 https://standards.ieee.org/
Scale Type / Response Options
5-point Readiness/Capability: Very Low Readiness/Capability; Low Readiness/Capability; Moderate Readiness/Capability; High Readiness/Capability; Very High Readiness/Capability + Don't Know
Qualtrics QID / Export Tag
QID217 / Q47-64_Readiness_10
Relationship to Other Items
-
Zotero Key(s)
8EZPCKWR || FRE6W78H
Zotero Status
ALL_FOUND
C11Ordinal (Likert-type)

Availability and responsiveness of technical support for technology users.

Section / Primary Construct
Section C: Perceived Organizational Technology Readiness
Sub-Construct / Grouping
Infrastructure & Technology Readiness
Measurement Objective
Readiness: availability/responsiveness of technical support.
Item Code / Variable Name
C11 / Ready_TechSupport
Variable Type
Ordinal (Likert-type)
Theoretical Grounding
DeLone & McLean (2003)
APA Citation
DeLone, W. H., & McLean, E. R. (2003). The DeLone and McLean model of information systems success: A ten-year update. Journal of Management Information Systems, 19(4), 9-30.
RIS Citation
TY - JOUR AU - DeLone, William H. AU - McLean, Ephraim R. TI - The DeLone and McLean Model of Information Systems Success: A Ten-Year Update JO - Journal of Management Information Systems PY - 2003 VL - 19 IS - 4 SP - 9 EP - 30 DO - 10.1080/07421222.2003.11045748 ER -
Source Link
🔗 https://doi.org/10.1080/07421222.2003.11045748
Scale Type / Response Options
5-point Readiness/Capability: Very Low Readiness/Capability; Low Readiness/Capability; Moderate Readiness/Capability; High Readiness/Capability; Very High Readiness/Capability + Don't Know
Qualtrics QID / Export Tag
QID217 / Q47-64_Readiness_11
Relationship to Other Items
-
Zotero Key(s)
7JWQXUAK
Zotero Status
ALL_FOUND
C12Ordinal (Likert-type)

Maturity of data governance policies and practices.

Section / Primary Construct
Section C: Perceived Organizational Technology Readiness
Sub-Construct / Grouping
Data & Analytics Readiness
Measurement Objective
Readiness: maturity of data governance policies/practices.
Item Code / Variable Name
C12 / Ready_DataGovMaturity
Variable Type
Ordinal (Likert-type)
Theoretical Grounding
DAMA-DMBOK; COBIT (ISACA)
APA Citation
DAMA International. (2017). DAMA-DMBOK: Data management body of knowledge (2nd ed.). Technics Publications. || ISACA. (2019). COBIT 2019 framework: Governance and management objectives. ISACA.
RIS Citation
TY - BOOK AU - DAMA International TI - DAMA-DMBOK: Data Management Body of Knowledge ET - 2nd PY - 2017 PB - Technics Publications SN - 9781634622349 ER - TY - BOOK AU - ISACA TI - COBIT 2019 Framework: Governance and Management Objectives PY - 2019 PB - ISACA CY - Schaumburg, IL SN - 9781604204124 ER -
Source Link
🔗 https://www.dama.org/cpages/body-of-knowledge🔗 https://www.isaca.org/resources/cobit
Scale Type / Response Options
5-point Readiness/Capability: Very Low Readiness/Capability; Low Readiness/Capability; Moderate Readiness/Capability; High Readiness/Capability; Very High Readiness/Capability + Don't Know
Qualtrics QID / Export Tag
QID217 / Q47-64_Readiness_12
Relationship to Other Items
-
Zotero Key(s)
EVME7F72 || BVGI4MFY
Zotero Status
ALL_FOUND
C13Ordinal (Likert-type)

Overall quality and reliability of organizational data used for decision-making and AI/ML models.

Section / Primary Construct
Section C: Perceived Organizational Technology Readiness
Sub-Construct / Grouping
Data & Analytics Readiness
Measurement Objective
Readiness: quality/reliability of organizational data.
Item Code / Variable Name
C13 / Ready_DataQuality
Variable Type
Ordinal (Likert-type)
Theoretical Grounding
Wang & Strong (1996); DAMA-DMBOK
APA Citation
Wang, R. Y., & Strong, D. M. (1996). Beyond accuracy: What data quality means to data consumers. Journal of Management Information Systems, 12(4), 5-33. || DAMA International. (2017). DAMA-DMBOK: Data management body of knowledge (2nd ed.). Technics Publications.
RIS Citation
TY - JOUR AU - Wang, Richard Y. AU - Strong, Diane M. TI - Beyond Accuracy: What Data Quality Means to Data Consumers JO - Journal of Management Information Systems PY - 1996 VL - 12 IS - 4 SP - 5 EP - 33 DO - 10.1080/07421222.1996.11518099 ER - TY - BOOK AU - DAMA International TI - DAMA-DMBOK: Data Management Body of Knowledge ET - 2nd PY - 2017 PB - Technics Publications SN - 9781634622349 ER -
Source Link
🔗 https://doi.org/10.1080/07421222.1996.11518099🔗 https://www.dama.org/cpages/body-of-knowledge
Scale Type / Response Options
5-point Readiness/Capability: Very Low Readiness/Capability; Low Readiness/Capability; Moderate Readiness/Capability; High Readiness/Capability; Very High Readiness/Capability + Don't Know
Qualtrics QID / Export Tag
QID217 / Q47-64_Readiness_13
Relationship to Other Items
-
Zotero Key(s)
MQBFXVGR || EVME7F72
Zotero Status
ALL_FOUND
C14Ordinal (Likert-type)

Organization's capability in data analytics and leveraging data for insights.

Section / Primary Construct
Section C: Perceived Organizational Technology Readiness
Sub-Construct / Grouping
Data & Analytics Readiness
Measurement Objective
Readiness: data analytics and insights capability.
Item Code / Variable Name
C14 / Ready_AnalyticsCap
Variable Type
Ordinal (Likert-type)
Theoretical Grounding
Davenport & Harris (2007)
APA Citation
Davenport, T. H., & Harris, J. G. (2009). Competing on analytics: The new science of winning (Updated ed.). Harvard Business Press.
RIS Citation
TY - BOOK AU - Davenport, Thomas H. AU - Harris, Jeanne G. TI - Competing on Analytics: The New Science of Winning ET - Updated PY - 2009 PB - Harvard Business Press CY - Boston, MA SN - 9781422103326 ER -
Source Link
N/A
Scale Type / Response Options
5-point Readiness/Capability: Very Low Readiness/Capability; Low Readiness/Capability; Moderate Readiness/Capability; High Readiness/Capability; Very High Readiness/Capability + Don't Know
Qualtrics QID / Export Tag
QID217 / Q47-64_Readiness_14
Relationship to Other Items
-
Zotero Key(s)
CEBL28WX
Zotero Status
ALL_FOUND
C15Ordinal (Likert-type)

Maturity and efficiency of business processes potentially impacted by new technology.

Section / Primary Construct
Section C: Perceived Organizational Technology Readiness
Sub-Construct / Grouping
Process & Operational Readiness
Measurement Objective
Readiness: maturity/efficiency of business processes.
Item Code / Variable Name
C15 / Ready_ProcessMaturity
Variable Type
Ordinal (Likert-type)
Theoretical Grounding
CMMI; Hammer & Champy (1993)
APA Citation
ISACA. (2018). CMMI V2.0 model. CMMI Institute/ISACA. || Hammer, M., & Champy, J. (1993). Reengineering the corporation: A manifesto for business revolution. HarperBusiness.
RIS Citation
TY - RPRT AU - ISACA TI - CMMI V2.0 Model PY - 2018 PB - CMMI Institute/ISACA UR - https://cmmiinstitute.com/cmmi ER - TY - BOOK AU - Hammer, Michael AU - Champy, James TI - Reengineering the Corporation: A Manifesto for Business Revolution PY - 1993 PB - HarperBusiness CY - New York, NY SN - 9780887306877 ER -
Source Link
🔗 https://cmmiinstitute.com/cmmi
Scale Type / Response Options
5-point Readiness/Capability: Very Low Readiness/Capability; Low Readiness/Capability; Moderate Readiness/Capability; High Readiness/Capability; Very High Readiness/Capability + Don't Know
Qualtrics QID / Export Tag
QID217 / Q47-64_Readiness_15
Relationship to Other Items
-
Zotero Key(s)
JCZH6FP4 || GJZXQXST
Zotero Status
ALL_FOUND
C16Ordinal (Likert-type)

Effectiveness of processes for monitoring technology performance and user satisfaction.

Section / Primary Construct
Section C: Perceived Organizational Technology Readiness
Sub-Construct / Grouping
Process & Operational Readiness
Measurement Objective
Readiness: effectiveness of technology performance monitoring.
Item Code / Variable Name
C16 / Ready_MonitorEffective
Variable Type
Ordinal (Likert-type)
Theoretical Grounding
DeLone & McLean (2003); ITIL
APA Citation
DeLone, W. H., & McLean, E. R. (2003). The DeLone and McLean model of information systems success: A ten-year update. Journal of Management Information Systems, 19(4), 9-30. || Axelos. (2019). ITIL foundation: ITIL 4 edition. TSO (The Stationery Office).
RIS Citation
TY - JOUR AU - DeLone, William H. AU - McLean, Ephraim R. TI - The DeLone and McLean Model of Information Systems Success: A Ten-Year Update JO - Journal of Management Information Systems PY - 2003 VL - 19 IS - 4 SP - 9 EP - 30 DO - 10.1080/07421222.2003.11045748 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Axelos TI - ITIL Foundation: ITIL 4 Edition PY - 2019 PB - TSO (The Stationery Office) SN - 9780113316076 ER -
Source Link
🔗 https://doi.org/10.1080/07421222.2003.11045748🔗 https://www.axelos.com/certifications/itil-service-manage…
Scale Type / Response Options
5-point Readiness/Capability: Very Low Readiness/Capability; Low Readiness/Capability; Moderate Readiness/Capability; High Readiness/Capability; Very High Readiness/Capability + Don't Know
Qualtrics QID / Export Tag
QID217 / Q47-64_Readiness_16
Relationship to Other Items
-
Zotero Key(s)
7JWQXUAK || FBTL8EQC
Zotero Status
ALL_FOUND
C17Ordinal (Likert-type)

Adequacy of financial budget allocated for strategic technology adoption and innovation.

Section / Primary Construct
Section C: Perceived Organizational Technology Readiness
Sub-Construct / Grouping
Financial Readiness
Measurement Objective
Readiness: adequacy of financial budget for technology adoption.
Item Code / Variable Name
C17 / Ready_FinancialBudget
Variable Type
Ordinal (Likert-type)
Theoretical Grounding
Tornatzky & Fleischer (1990); Zhu et al. (2006)
APA Citation
Tornatzky, L. G., & Fleischer, M. (1990). The processes of technological innovation. Lexington Books. || Zhu, K., Kraemer, K. L., & Xu, S. (2006). The process of innovation assimilation by firms in different countries: A technology diffusion perspective on e-business. Management Science, 52(10), 1557-1576.
RIS Citation
TY - BOOK AU - Tornatzky, Louis G. AU - Fleischer, Mitchell TI - The Processes of Technological Innovation PY - 1990 PB - Lexington Books CY - Lexington, MA SN - 9780669203486 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Zhu, Kevin AU - Kraemer, Kenneth L. AU - Xu, Sean TI - The Process of Innovation Assimilation by Firms in Different Countries: A Technology Diffusion Perspective on E-Business JO - Management Science PY - 2006 VL - 52 IS - 10 SP - 1557 EP - 1576 DO - 10.1287/mnsc.1050.0487 ER -
Source Link
🔗 https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.1050.0487
Scale Type / Response Options
5-point Readiness/Capability: Very Low Readiness/Capability; Low Readiness/Capability; Moderate Readiness/Capability; High Readiness/Capability; Very High Readiness/Capability + Don't Know
Qualtrics QID / Export Tag
QID217 / Q47-64_Readiness_17
Relationship to Other Items
-
Zotero Key(s)
S4WJF5AS || SBUZ86LT
Zotero Status
ALL_FOUND
C_ACOrdinal (Likert-type)⚠ Attention Check

The extent to which assessment processes capture meaningful input (select Low Readiness/Capability for this item).

Expected answer: Low Readiness/Capability
Section / Primary Construct
Section C: Attention Check
Sub-Construct / Grouping
Data Quality Control
Measurement Objective
Attention/validity check embedded in readiness matrix (instructed-response item).
Item Code / Variable Name
C_AC / Ready_AttentionCheck
Variable Type
Ordinal (Likert-type)
Theoretical Grounding
Survey methodology best practice (IRI)
APA Citation
N/A
RIS Citation
N/A
Source Link
N/A
Scale Type / Response Options
Low Readiness/Capability
Qualtrics QID / Export Tag
QID217 / Q47-64_Readiness_18
Relationship to Other Items
Attention check item; expected response: Low Readiness/Capability (instructed-response item)
Zotero Key(s)
N/A
Zotero Status
N/A
D1Ordinal (Maturity Level)

IT Investment & Value Management: How mature is your organization's approach to selecting, managing, and realizing value from IT investments, ensuring clear alignment with strategic objectives and mission impact?

Section / Primary Construct
Section D: Perceived Maturity of Organizational Capabilities
Sub-Construct / Grouping
Financial & Value Management
Measurement Objective
Maturity of IT investment selection, management, and value realization.
Item Code / Variable Name
D1 / Maturity_ITInvestValue
Variable Type
Ordinal (Maturity Level)
Theoretical Grounding
Val IT (ISACA); GAO ITIM
APA Citation
IT Governance Institute. (2008). Enterprise value: Governance of IT investments - The Val IT framework 2.0. ISACA. || U.S. Government Accountability Office. (2004). Information technology investment management: A framework for assessing and improving process maturity (GAO-04-394G). GAO.
RIS Citation
TY - RPRT AU - IT Governance Institute TI - Enterprise Value: Governance of IT Investments - The Val IT Framework 2.0 PY - 2008 PB - ISACA UR - https://www.isaca.org/resources/it-governance ER - TY - RPRT AU - U.S. Government Accountability Office TI - Information Technology Investment Management: A Framework for Assessing and Improving Process Maturity PY - 2004 PB - GAO UR - https://www.gao.gov/products/gao-04-394g ER -
Source Link
🔗 https://www.isaca.org/resources/it-governance🔗 https://www.gao.gov/products/gao-04-394g
Scale Type / Response Options
5-level Maturity: Level 1: Initial/Ad Hoc; Level 2: Developing/Repeatable; Level 3: Defined/Standardized; Level 4: Managed/Quantitatively Managed; Level 5: Optimizing/Innovating + Don't Know
Qualtrics QID / Export Tag
QID220 / Q65-73_Maturity_1
Relationship to Other Items
-
Zotero Key(s)
XDJAYCLI || AIWJHFAS
Zotero Status
ALL_FOUND
D2Ordinal (Maturity Level)

IT-Enabled Organizational Innovation: How mature is your organization's capability to systematically identify, explore, and leverage technology for driving organizational innovation, developing new services/products, or achieving significant operational/mission improvements?

Section / Primary Construct
Section D: Perceived Maturity of Organizational Capabilities
Sub-Construct / Grouping
Innovation & Strategic Capability
Measurement Objective
Maturity of systematic technology-driven organizational innovation.
Item Code / Variable Name
D2 / Maturity_ITInnovation
Variable Type
Ordinal (Maturity Level)
Theoretical Grounding
Christensen (1997); O'Reilly & Tushman (2004)
APA Citation
Christensen, C. M. (1997). The innovator's dilemma: When new technologies cause great firms to fail. Harvard Business School Press. || O'Reilly, C. A., III, & Tushman, M. L. (2004). The ambidextrous organization. Harvard Business Review, 82(4), 74-81.
RIS Citation
TY - BOOK AU - Christensen, Clayton M. TI - The Innovator's Dilemma: When New Technologies Cause Great Firms to Fail PY - 1997 PB - Harvard Business School Press CY - Boston, MA SN - 9780875845852 ER - TY - JOUR AU - O'Reilly, Charles A., III AU - Tushman, Michael L. TI - The Ambidextrous Organization JO - Harvard Business Review PY - 2004 VL - 82 IS - 4 SP - 74 EP - 81 ER -
Source Link
🔗 https://hbr.org/2004/04/the-ambidextrous-organization
Scale Type / Response Options
5-level Maturity: Level 1: Initial/Ad Hoc; Level 2: Developing/Repeatable; Level 3: Defined/Standardized; Level 4: Managed/Quantitatively Managed; Level 5: Optimizing/Innovating + Don't Know
Qualtrics QID / Export Tag
QID220 / Q65-73_Maturity_2
Relationship to Other Items
-
Zotero Key(s)
BREH66GM || 8S4VDK6X
Zotero Status
ALL_FOUND
D3Ordinal (Maturity Level)

Organizational Process Management & Standardization: How mature is the consistency, standardization, effectiveness, and integration of key organizational processes (e.g., project management, service delivery, operational workflows) that are critical for technology adoption and sustained performance?

Section / Primary Construct
Section D: Perceived Maturity of Organizational Capabilities
Sub-Construct / Grouping
Process & Operational Management
Measurement Objective
Maturity of process standardization, effectiveness, and integration.
Item Code / Variable Name
D3 / Maturity_ProcessMgt
Variable Type
Ordinal (Maturity Level)
Theoretical Grounding
CMMI (SEI/ISACA); Hammer & Champy (1993)
APA Citation
ISACA. (2018). CMMI V2.0 model. CMMI Institute/ISACA. || Hammer, M., & Champy, J. (1993). Reengineering the corporation: A manifesto for business revolution. HarperBusiness.
RIS Citation
TY - RPRT AU - ISACA TI - CMMI V2.0 Model PY - 2018 PB - CMMI Institute/ISACA UR - https://cmmiinstitute.com/cmmi ER - TY - BOOK AU - Hammer, Michael AU - Champy, James TI - Reengineering the Corporation: A Manifesto for Business Revolution PY - 1993 PB - HarperBusiness CY - New York, NY SN - 9780887306877 ER -
Source Link
🔗 https://cmmiinstitute.com/cmmi
Scale Type / Response Options
5-level Maturity: Level 1: Initial/Ad Hoc; Level 2: Developing/Repeatable; Level 3: Defined/Standardized; Level 4: Managed/Quantitatively Managed; Level 5: Optimizing/Innovating + Don't Know
Qualtrics QID / Export Tag
QID220 / Q65-73_Maturity_3
Relationship to Other Items
-
Zotero Key(s)
JCZH6FP4 || GJZXQXST
Zotero Status
ALL_FOUND
D4Ordinal (Maturity Level)

Data Governance & Analytics for Decision-Making: How mature is your organization's approach to governing its data assets, ensuring data quality, and utilizing data analytics and business intelligence to inform strategic and operational decision-making and drive improvements?

Section / Primary Construct
Section D: Perceived Maturity of Organizational Capabilities
Sub-Construct / Grouping
Data & Analytics Governance
Measurement Objective
Maturity of data governance, quality, and analytics for decision-making.
Item Code / Variable Name
D4 / Maturity_DataGovAnalytics
Variable Type
Ordinal (Maturity Level)
Theoretical Grounding
DAMA-DMBOK; COBIT (ISACA)
APA Citation
DAMA International. (2017). DAMA-DMBOK: Data management body of knowledge (2nd ed.). Technics Publications. || ISACA. (2019). COBIT 2019 framework: Governance and management objectives. ISACA.
RIS Citation
TY - BOOK AU - DAMA International TI - DAMA-DMBOK: Data Management Body of Knowledge ET - 2nd PY - 2017 PB - Technics Publications SN - 9781634622349 ER - TY - BOOK AU - ISACA TI - COBIT 2019 Framework: Governance and Management Objectives PY - 2019 PB - ISACA CY - Schaumburg, IL SN - 9781604204124 ER -
Source Link
🔗 https://www.dama.org/cpages/body-of-knowledge🔗 https://www.isaca.org/resources/cobit
Scale Type / Response Options
5-level Maturity: Level 1: Initial/Ad Hoc; Level 2: Developing/Repeatable; Level 3: Defined/Standardized; Level 4: Managed/Quantitatively Managed; Level 5: Optimizing/Innovating + Don't Know
Qualtrics QID / Export Tag
QID220 / Q65-73_Maturity_4
Relationship to Other Items
-
Zotero Key(s)
EVME7F72 || BVGI4MFY
Zotero Status
ALL_FOUND
D5Ordinal (Maturity Level)

Technology Risk & Resilience Management: How mature is your organization's integrated approach to identifying, assessing, proactively managing, and governing technology-related risks (including cybersecurity, data privacy, vendor risks, and operational disruptions) to ensure business resilience and compliance?

Section / Primary Construct
Section D: Perceived Maturity of Organizational Capabilities
Sub-Construct / Grouping
Risk & Resilience
Measurement Objective
Maturity of integrated technology risk identification and management.
Item Code / Variable Name
D5 / Maturity_TechRiskMgt
Variable Type
Ordinal (Maturity Level)
Theoretical Grounding
NIST CSF; ISO 31000; COBIT (ISACA)
APA Citation
National Institute of Standards and Technology. (2024). NIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) 2.0 (NIST CSWP 29). U.S. Department of Commerce. || International Organization for Standardization. (2018). Risk management - Guidelines (ISO 31000:2018). || ISACA. (2019). COBIT 2019 framework: Governance and management objectives. ISACA.
RIS Citation
TY - RPRT AU - National Institute of Standards and Technology TI - NIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) 2.0 PY - 2024 PB - U.S. Department of Commerce UR - https://www.nist.gov/cyberframework ER - TY - STAND AU - International Organization for Standardization TI - Risk Management - Guidelines PY - 2018 PB - ISO UR - https://www.iso.org/standard/65694.html ER - TY - BOOK AU - ISACA TI - COBIT 2019 Framework: Governance and Management Objectives PY - 2019 PB - ISACA CY - Schaumburg, IL SN - 9781604204124 ER -
Source Link
🔗 https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.CSWP.29🔗 https://www.iso.org/standard/65694.html🔗 https://www.isaca.org/resources/cobit
Scale Type / Response Options
5-level Maturity: Level 1: Initial/Ad Hoc; Level 2: Developing/Repeatable; Level 3: Defined/Standardized; Level 4: Managed/Quantitatively Managed; Level 5: Optimizing/Innovating + Don't Know
Qualtrics QID / Export Tag
QID220 / Q65-73_Maturity_5
Relationship to Other Items
-
Zotero Key(s)
XT4QU5GR || 2JHR4AMZ || BVGI4MFY
Zotero Status
ALL_FOUND
D6Ordinal (Maturity Level)

Strategic IT Planning & Enterprise Architecture: How mature are the processes for developing, communicating, governing, and adapting an overall IT strategy and enterprise architecture that are dynamically aligned with and support the organization's overarching mission, goals, and evolving needs?

Section / Primary Construct
Section D: Perceived Maturity of Organizational Capabilities
Sub-Construct / Grouping
Strategy & Architecture
Measurement Objective
Maturity of IT strategic planning and enterprise architecture.
Item Code / Variable Name
D6 / Maturity_StratPlanEA
Variable Type
Ordinal (Maturity Level)
Theoretical Grounding
TOGAF; Henderson & Venkatraman (1993)
APA Citation
The Open Group. (2022). The TOGAF standard (10th ed.). The Open Group. || Henderson, J. C., & Venkatraman, N. (1993). Strategic alignment: Leveraging information technology for transforming organizations. IBM Systems Journal, 32(1), 472-484.
RIS Citation
TY - BOOK AU - The Open Group TI - The TOGAF Standard ET - 10th PY - 2022 PB - The Open Group UR - https://www.opengroup.org/togaf ER - TY - JOUR AU - Henderson, John C. AU - Venkatraman, N. TI - Strategic Alignment: Leveraging Information Technology for Transforming Organizations JO - IBM Systems Journal PY - 1993 VL - 32 IS - 1 SP - 472 EP - 484 DO - 10.1147/sj.382.0472 ER -
Source Link
🔗 https://www.opengroup.org/togaf🔗 https://doi.org/10.1147/sj.382.0472
Scale Type / Response Options
5-level Maturity: Level 1: Initial/Ad Hoc; Level 2: Developing/Repeatable; Level 3: Defined/Standardized; Level 4: Managed/Quantitatively Managed; Level 5: Optimizing/Innovating + Don't Know
Qualtrics QID / Export Tag
QID220 / Q65-73_Maturity_6
Relationship to Other Items
-
Zotero Key(s)
F5QWECUF || KAFBN7F3
Zotero Status
ALL_FOUND
D7Ordinal (Maturity Level)

Workforce Capability & Talent Development: How mature is your organization's systematic approach to planning for, attracting, developing, retaining, and managing personnel with the necessary skills, competencies, and roles to effectively implement, manage, support, and leverage technology?

Section / Primary Construct
Section D: Perceived Maturity of Organizational Capabilities
Sub-Construct / Grouping
Workforce & Talent
Measurement Objective
Maturity of workforce capability planning, development, and retention.
Item Code / Variable Name
D7 / Maturity_WorkforceDev
Variable Type
Ordinal (Maturity Level)
Theoretical Grounding
OPM3 (PMI); CMMI People CMM
APA Citation
Project Management Institute. (2013). Organizational project management maturity model (OPM3) (3rd ed.). PMI. || Curtis, B., Hefley, W. E., & Miller, S. A. (2009). People Capability Maturity Model (P-CMM) version 2.0 (2nd ed., CMU/SEI-2009-TR-003). Software Engineering Institute, Carnegie Mellon University.
RIS Citation
TY - BOOK AU - Project Management Institute TI - Organizational Project Management Maturity Model (OPM3) ET - 3rd PY - 2013 PB - Project Management Institute SN - 9781935589709 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Curtis, Bill AU - Hefley, William E. AU - Miller, Sally A. TI - People Capability Maturity Model (P-CMM) Version 2.0 ET - 2nd PY - 2009 PB - Software Engineering Institute, Carnegie Mellon University UR - https://resources.sei.cmu.edu/library/asset-view.cfm?assetid=8841 ER -
Source Link
🔗 https://www.pmi.org/🔗 https://resources.sei.cmu.edu/library/asset-view.cfm?asse…
Scale Type / Response Options
5-level Maturity: Level 1: Initial/Ad Hoc; Level 2: Developing/Repeatable; Level 3: Defined/Standardized; Level 4: Managed/Quantitatively Managed; Level 5: Optimizing/Innovating + Don't Know
Qualtrics QID / Export Tag
QID220 / Q65-73_Maturity_7
Relationship to Other Items
-
Zotero Key(s)
XZPV87I8 || A2G96DZH
Zotero Status
ALL_FOUND
D8Ordinal (Maturity Level)

Change Leadership & Adoption Management: How mature is your organization's capability to effectively lead and manage the complex organizational, cultural, and human aspects of change associated with significant technology adoption, digital transformation initiatives, and new ways of working?

Section / Primary Construct
Section D: Perceived Maturity of Organizational Capabilities
Sub-Construct / Grouping
Change & Adoption Leadership
Measurement Objective
Maturity of leading organizational/cultural change for technology adoption.
Item Code / Variable Name
D8 / Maturity_ChangeLead
Variable Type
Ordinal (Maturity Level)
Theoretical Grounding
Kotter (1995); Prosci ADKAR; CMMI
APA Citation
Kotter, J. P. (1995). Leading change: Why transformation efforts fail. Harvard Business Review, 73(2), 59-67. || Hiatt, J. M. (2006). ADKAR: A model for change in business, government and our community. Prosci Learning Center Publications. || ISACA. (2018). CMMI V2.0 model. CMMI Institute/ISACA.
RIS Citation
TY - JOUR AU - Kotter, John P. TI - Leading Change: Why Transformation Efforts Fail JO - Harvard Business Review PY - 1995 VL - 73 IS - 2 SP - 59 EP - 67 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Hiatt, Jeff M. TI - ADKAR: A Model for Change in Business, Government and Our Community PY - 2006 PB - Prosci Learning Center Publications CY - Loveland, CO SN - 9781930885509 ER - TY - RPRT AU - ISACA TI - CMMI V2.0 Model PY - 2018 PB - CMMI Institute/ISACA UR - https://cmmiinstitute.com/cmmi ER -
Source Link
🔗 https://hbr.org/1995/05/leading-change-why-transformation…🔗 https://www.prosci.com/methodology/adkar🔗 https://cmmiinstitute.com/cmmi
Scale Type / Response Options
5-level Maturity: Level 1: Initial/Ad Hoc; Level 2: Developing/Repeatable; Level 3: Defined/Standardized; Level 4: Managed/Quantitatively Managed; Level 5: Optimizing/Innovating + Don't Know
Qualtrics QID / Export Tag
QID220 / Q65-73_Maturity_8
Relationship to Other Items
-
Zotero Key(s)
N5XJGQ5M || AASLA5Y9 || JCZH6FP4
Zotero Status
ALL_FOUND
D_ACOrdinal (Maturity Level)⚠ Attention Check

Internal Process Alignment: For this item, to confirm careful reading, please select Level 2: Developing/Repeatable.

Expected answer: Level 2: Developing/Repeatable
Section / Primary Construct
Section D: Attention Check
Sub-Construct / Grouping
Data Quality Control
Measurement Objective
Attention/validity check embedded in maturity matrix (instructed-response item).
Item Code / Variable Name
D_AC / Maturity_AttentionCheck
Variable Type
Ordinal (Maturity Level)
Theoretical Grounding
Survey methodology best practice (IRI)
APA Citation
N/A
RIS Citation
N/A
Source Link
N/A
Scale Type / Response Options
Level 2: Developing/Repeatable
Qualtrics QID / Export Tag
QID220 / Q65-73_Maturity_9
Relationship to Other Items
Attention check item; expected response: Level 2: Developing/Repeatable (instructed-response item)
Zotero Key(s)
N/A
Zotero Status
N/A
E1Open Text

Are there any other significant barriers, readiness factors, or aspects of organizational maturity related to technology adoption that you believe were not adequately covered in this survey? Please elaborate.

Section / Primary Construct
Section E: Final Thoughts & Feedback
Sub-Construct / Grouping
Open-Ended Feedback
Measurement Objective
Capture additional barriers, readiness factors, or maturity aspects not covered.
Item Code / Variable Name
E1 / Feedback_Open
Variable Type
Open Text
Theoretical Grounding
Qualitative exploratory (supplemental)
APA Citation
N/A
RIS Citation
N/A
Source Link
N/A
Scale Type / Response Options
Open-ended text response (multi-line)
Qualtrics QID / Export Tag
QID225 / Q74_Feedback
Relationship to Other Items
-
Zotero Key(s)
N/A
Zotero Status
N/A